# vim cheat sheet 
# Huan Chen, 2/3/2017

How to exit
:q!: quit without writing
:wq: write current file and exit
ZZ: write current file if modified and exit
ZQ: quit current file and exit, same as ":q!" 

Inserting text:
a: append text after the cursor [cnt] times
A: append text at the end of the line [count] times
i: insert text before the first non-blank in the line [count] times
I: insert text before the first non-blank in the line [count] times
gI: insert text in column 1 [count] times
o: Begin a new line below the cursor and insert text, repeat [count] times
O: begin a new line above the cursor and insert text, repeat [count] times

Inserting a file
#:r[ead] [name]: insert the file [name] below the cursor
#:r[ead] !{cmd}: execute {cmd} and insert its standard output below the cursor

Deleting text
<Del> or x: delete [count] characters under and after the cursor
X: delete [count] characters before the cursor
d{motion}: delete text that {motion} moves over
dd: delete [count] lines
D: delete the characters under the cursor until the end of the line
{Visual}x or {Visual}d: delete the highlighted text
{Visual}CTRL-H or {Visual}: delete highlighted text
{Visual}X or {Visual}D: delete the highlighted lines
:[range]d[elete]: delete [range] lines (default: current line)
:[range]d {count}: delete {count} lines starting with [range], ex,:40d3

Undo/Redo/Repeat
u: Undo [count] changes
:u[ndo]: Undo one change
CTRL-R: Redo [count] changes which were undone
:red[o]: Redo one change which was undone
U: Undo all latest changes on one line. {Vi: while not moved off it}
.: Repeat the last change, with count replaced with [count]

Moving around
h: [count] characters to the left
l: [count] characters to the right
k: [count] lines upward
j: [count] lines downward
0 or <Home>: to the first character of the line 
^: to the first non-blank character of the line
e $ or <End>: to the end of the line and [count-1] lines downward
g0 or g<Home>: when lines wrap: to the first character of the screen line
g^: when lines wrap: to the first non-blank character from the screen line
g$: when lines warp: to the last character of the screen line
f{char}: to the [count]'th occurrence of {char} to the right, the cursor is palced on {char}. Find {char}
e F{char}: to the [count]'th occurrence of {char} to the left
t{char}: till before [count]'th occurrence of {char} to the right
;: repeat latest f, t, f, T [count] times
,: repeat latest f, t, f, T in opposite direction [count] times
- <minus>: [count] lines upward, on the first non-blank character
+ or CTRL-M or <CR>: [count] lines downward, on the first non-blank character
_ <underscore>: [count] - 1 lines downward
G: Goto line [count], default last line, on the first non-blank character
gg: go the line [count], default first line, on the first non-blank character
<S-Right> or w: [count] words forward
e: forward to the end of word [count]
E: forward to the end of WORD [count]
b: [count] words backward
B: [count] WORDS backward
ge: backward to the end of word [count]
gE: backward to the end of WORD [count]
(: [count] sentences backward
): [count] sentences upward
{: [count] paragraphs backward
}: [count] paragrfphs upward
z.: center the screen on the cursor
zt: scroll the screen so the cursor is at the top
zb: scroll the screen so the cursor is at the bottom

Selecting Text (enter the visual mode)
~: switch case
d: delete
c: change
y: yank
>: shift right
<: shift left
!: filter through external command
=: filter through 'equalprg' option command
gq: format lines to 'textwidth' length
v: start Visual mode per character
V: start Visual mode per linewise
<Esc>: exit Visual mode without making any changes

Searching
/{pattern}[/]: search forward for the [count]'th occurrence of {pattern}
/{pattern}/{offset}: search forward for the [count]'th occurrence of {pattern} and go {offset} linse up or down.

Change the text
CTRL-A: moves the cursor to the start of a line
CTRL-E: mvoes the cursor to the end of a line
Esc-B: moves to the beginning of the previous or current word
CTRL-K: delete from the current cursor position to the end of the line
CTRL-U: delete from the start of the line to the current cursor position
CTRL-W: delete the word before the cursor

c + i + ( : change inside paren
d + i + ( : delete inside paren
y + i + ( : yank inside paren
c + a + w / d + a + w
c + a + " : change all ""
c + a + {
v + a + "
v + i + "

c + a + ( : change all paren
d + a + ( : delete all paren
c + a + s / d + a + s: change/delete all sentence

substitute until end of line: line, $s/str/str2/gc

- How to indent all lines of code?
gg=G